Although the most convenient method of travel was through navigation on the river Nile, marked desert tracks did exist along the Nile and Deltain the Eastern Desert and between the oases in the Western Desert. These were often bordered by pebbling and marked by cairns to give guidance to travelers. These roads could be traversed on foot or on donkeys. Water reserves seem to have been arranged at intervals on the route to the oases. The study of these roadways has only recently been undertaken and has resulted in the discovery of new graffiti from all periods.
Historical Dictionary Of Ancient Egypt by Morris L. Bierbrier
Ancient Egypt. A Reference Guide. EdwART. 2011.