(1812-75)
German socialist. He was born in Bonn. In 1841 he helped found the socialist daily Rheinische Zeitung, of which Karl Marx became editor. Subsequently he lived in Belgium, Switzerland and Paris. In 1862 he published Rome and Jerusalem which espoused Zionist ideals. Later he engaged in the work of the Alliance Israelite Universelle. His other publications include The History of Humanity and The European Triarchy.
Dictionary of Jewish Biography. Dan Cohn-Sherbok.