Akademik

botulinum toxin also botulinus toxin n a very powerful bacterial neurotoxin that acts primarily on the parasympathetic nervous system, is produced by botulinum, blocks release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, and causes botulism often used with one of the letters A to G to designate one of seven distinct types called also botulin

a powerful nerve toxin, produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, that has proved effective, in minute dosage, for the treatment of various conditions of muscle overaction, such as strabismus (squint) and various dystonic conditions (see dystonia), including spasm of the orbicularis muscle in patients with blepharospasm; it is administered by injection. It is also used to treat achalasia, being injected through an endoscope into the gastro-oesophageal sphincter, and for relieving the spastic paralysis associated with cerebral palsy. Side-effects include prolonged local muscle paralysis. Trade names: Botox, Dysport.