The sacred scriptures of Islam. Although there had been previous contact and conflict between Christians and Muslims, the Koran was not translated into a Western language until the 12c. The first translation into Latin was commissioned by an abbot of *Cluny, Peter the Venerable, in the 1140s. His purpose was to study it and by study refute and deny it. For a long time in the West it was thought that Islam was a heretical form of Christianity, rather than a new religion.
Dictionary of Medieval Terms and Phrases. Christopher Coredon with Ann Williams.