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A genus of Nematoda, the Old World hookworm, the members of which are parasitic in the duodenum. They attach themselves to villi in the mucous membrane, suck blood, and may cause a state of anemia, especially in cases of malnutrition. The eggs are passed with the feces, and the larvae develop in moist soil to become infectious third-stage (filariform) larvae that enter the human body through the skin and possibly in drinking water; they migrate by the bloodstream to lung alveoli, are carried to bronchi and trachea, swallowed, and passed to the intestine, where they mature. SEE ALSO: ancylostomiasis, Necator. SYN: Ankylostoma (1). [G. ankylos, curved, hooked, + stoma, mouth]

- A. braziliense a species characterized by one pair of ventral buccal teeth, normally an intestinal parasite of dogs and cats but also found in humans as a cause of human cutaneous larva migrans.

- A. caninum a species possessing three pairs of ventral teeth in the oral cavity; common in dogs, but also occurring in human skin as a cause of cutaneous larva migrans.

- A. ceylanicum species found in the civet cat of Ceylon; rarely, reported from humans as an intestinal parasite in Southeast Asia.

- A. duodenale the Old World hookworm of humans, a species widespread in temperate areas, in contrast to the more tropical distribution of the New World hookworm, Necator americanus, that is the only hookworm found in the U.S.

- A. tubaeforme a nematode species found in the cat; cutaneous larva migrans seen in humans.

An·cy·los·to·ma .aŋ-ki-'läs-tə-mə, .an(t)-sə- n the type genus of the family Ancylostomatidae comprising hookworms that have buccal teeth resembling hooks and are intestinal parasites of mammals including humans compare NECATOR

a genus of small parasitic nematodes (see hookworm) that inhabit the small intestine and are widely distributed in Europe, America, Asia, and Africa. The worms suck blood from the gut wall, to which they are attached by means of cutting teeth. Humans are the principal and optimum hosts for A. duodenale.